Arizona Educator Proficiency Assessments (AEPA) Early Childhood Education Practice Test

At what age do children typically demonstrate goal-directed actions?

1. 0-1 years

2. 0-2 years

3. 2-3 years

4. 3-4 years

The correct answer is: 0-2 years

Children typically begin to demonstrate goal-directed actions between the ages of 1 and 2 years. During this developmental stage, toddlers start to engage in behavior that reflects their intentions and desires—such as reaching for a toy they want, pushing a button to hear a sound, or moving towards an adult to receive attention or assistance. This period marks a significant change in their cognitive and motor abilities, as they develop the capacity to plan and execute actions with specific goals in mind. In this age range, children show increased curiosity about their environment and begin to understand cause-and-effect relationships, which are fundamental components of goal-directed behavior. As they explore their surroundings, they also develop problem-solving skills, allowing them to achieve objectives through trial and error. This emerging ability to act purposefully sets the foundation for more complex interactions and social skills in the coming years.